Only the use of pulsed lasers, mainly in the nanosecond pulse duration regime, is described, for fs-laser micromachining see Chap. 6. Only technical materials are treated, not biological material.
Author: Peter Schaaf
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783642132810
Category: Science
Page: 234
View: 581
Laser materials processing has made tremendous progress and is now at the forefront of industrial and medical applications. The book describes recent advances in smart and nanoscaled materials going well beyond the traditional cutting and welding applications. As no analytical methods are described the examples are really going into the details of what nowadways is possible by employing lasers for sophisticated materials processing giving rise to achievements not possible by conventional materials processing.
While this text is primarily about lasers, this chapter gives descriptions of some of the most common materials that are laser micromachined. It is not intended to be an exhaustive review of any material. Rather, it is simply general ...
Author: Ronald Schaeffer
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 9781439860564
Category: Technology & Engineering
Page: 260
View: 749
Due to their flexible and efficient capabilities, lasers are often used over more traditional machining technologies, such as mechanical drilling and chemical etching, in manufacturing a wide variety of products, from medical implants, gyroscopes, and drug delivery catheters to aircraft engines, printed circuit boards, and fuel cells. Fundamentals of Laser Micromachining explains how laser technology is applied to precision micromachining. The book combines background on physics, lasers, optics, and hardware with analysis of markets, materials, and applications. It gives sufficient theoretical background for readers to understand basic concepts while including a further reading appendix for those interested in more detailed theoretical discussions. After reviewing laser history and technology, the author compares available laser sources, including CO2, excimer, Nd:YAG, fiber, and short pulse. He also addresses topics crucial to obtaining good processing results, such as IR and UV material–photon interaction, basic optical components, and system integration. The text goes on to cover real-world applications in the medical, microelectronics, aerospace, and other fields. It concludes with details on processing many common materials, such as metals, silicon, ceramics, and glasses. For engineers and project managers, this book provides the foundation to achieve cost-effectiveness, the best edge quality, and the highest resolution in small-scale industrial laser machining. It will help you select the correct kind of laser for your application and identify real opportunities for growth in the marketplace.
With laser micromachining , the process is performed in one step . To increase the ablation rate , the ablation process can be assisted by chemical etching gases . A significant increase in etch rate is achieved in laser micromachining ...
Author: Wolfgang Menz
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527296344
Category: Science
Page: 520
View: 816
This concise introduction to microsystems technology includes the latest trends in this emerging scientific discipline. Completely revised, this edition has expanded chapters on silicium and LIGA technology as well as new topics.
Abstract The pico- and femtosecond laser micromachining has grown up as a reliable tool for precise manufacturing and electronic industries to make fine drilling and machining into hard metals and ceramics as well as soft plastic and to ...
Author: Zdravko Stanimirović
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9781789238099
Category: Technology & Engineering
Page: 174
View: 136
To present their work in the field of micromachining, researchers from distant parts of the world have joined their efforts and contributed their ideas according to their interest and engagement. Their articles will give you the opportunity to understand the concepts of micromachining of advanced materials. Surface texturing using pico- and femto-second laser micromachining is presented, as well as the silicon-based micromachining process for flexible electronics. You can learn about the CMOS compatible wet bulk micromachining process for MEMS applications and the physical process and plasma parameters in a radio frequency hybrid plasma system for thin-film production with ion assistance. Last but not least, study on the specific coefficient in the micromachining process and multiscale simulation of influence of surface defects on nanoindentation using quasi-continuum method provides us with an insight in modelling and the simulation of micromachining processes. The editors hope that this book will allow both professionals and readers not involved in the immediate field to understand and enjoy the topic.
Depth profiles for 355 nm Nd:YAG laser micromachining of sapphire with fluence of 9.27 J/cm2 and virious scan speeds. 3.2 Laser micromachining ablation rate The ablation rates of the laser micromachining were calculated as: The number ...
Author: Mojtaba Kahrizi
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9789533079066
Category: Science
Page: 316
View: 640
Micromachining is used to fabricate three-dimensional microstructures and it is the foundation of a technology called Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS). Bulk micromachining and surface micromachining are two major categories (among others) in this field. This book presents advances in micromachining technology. For this, we have gathered review articles related to various techniques and methods of micro/nano fabrications, like focused ion beams, laser ablation, and several other specialized techniques, from esteemed researchers and scientists around the world. Each chapter gives a complete description of a specific micromachining method, design, associate analytical works, experimental set-up, and the final fabricated devices, followed by many references related to this field of research available in other literature. Due to the multidisciplinary nature of this technology, the collection of articles presented here can be used by scientists and researchers in the disciplines of engineering, materials sciences, physics, and chemistry.
M. Naeem, Choice of laser sources for micro-machining applications, SPI Lasers, http://www. ... of process parameters in nanosecond pulsed laser micromachining of PMMA-based microchannels at near-infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths, ...
Author: Golam Kibria
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319520094
Category: Technology & Engineering
Page: 422
View: 939
This book presents a complete coverage of micromachining processes from their basic material removal phenomena to past and recent research carried by a number of researchers worldwide. Chapters on effective utilization of material resources, improved efficiency, reliability, durability, and cost effectiveness of the products are presented. This book provides the reader with new and recent developments in the field of micromachining and microfabrication of engineering materials.
Gruenewald P, Cashmore J, Fieret J, Gower M (2001) High-resolution 157nm laser micromachining of polymers. Proceedings of the SPIE 4274:158–167. Gu E, Jeon CW, Choi HW, Rice G, Dawson MD, Illy EK, Knowles MR (2004) Micromachining and ...
Author: Narendra B. Dahotre
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780387723440
Category: Technology & Engineering
Page: 558
View: 853
This book covers the fundamental principles and physical phenomena behind laser-based fabrication and machining processes. It also gives an overview of their existing and potential applications. With laser machining an emerging area in various applications ranging from bulk machining in metal forming to micromachining and microstructuring, this book provides a link between advanced materials and advanced manufacturing techniques. The interdisciplinary approach of this text will help prepare students and researchers for the next generation of manufacturing.
1 Laser micromachining of optical materials with a 157nm fluorine laser Jako Greuters and Nadeem H. Rizvi Exitech Limited , Oxford Industrial Park , Yarnton , Oxford , OX5 IQU , United Kingdom ABSTRACT Vacuum UV laser micromachining is ...
The use of a KrF eximer laser system for micromachining of electro - thermal- compliant ( ETC ) micro devices that uses thermal expansion induced by Joule - heating for actuation was investigated with silicon and metals ( titanium and ...
Micro-machining of Metals, Ceramics and Polymers using Nanosecond Lasers M.R.H. Knowles, G. Rutterford, D. Karnakis, A. Ferguson Oxford ... Introduction Laser micromachining is a field that has developed rapidly over the last decade.
Author: Stefan Dimov
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080462553
Category: Technology & Engineering
Page: 493
View: 992
4M 2005 - First International Conference on Multi-Material Micro Manufacture
Release on 2017-01-31 | by Saied Muhammed Hassan Darwish
Various technologies such as mechanical micromachining (micro drilling and micro milling), focused ion beam micromachining, laser micromachining are being used in microfabrication. Microfluidic devices and micro-channel heat exchangers ...
Author: Saied Muhammed Hassan Darwish
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789811036026
Category: Technology & Engineering
Page: 342
View: 459
This volume is greatly helpful to micro-machining and laser engineers as it offers obliging guidelines about the micro-channel fabrications through Nd:YAG laser beam micro-milling. The book also demonstrates how the laser beam micro-milling behaves when operating under wet conditions (under water), and explores what are the pros and cons of this hybrid technique. From the predictive mathematical models, the readers can easily estimate the resulting micro-channel size against the desired laser parametric combinations. The book considers micro-channels in three highly important research materials commonly used in aerospace industry: titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, nickel alloy Inconel 718 and aluminum alloy AA 2024. Therefore, the book is highly practicable in the fields of micro-channel heat exchangers, micro-channel aerospace turbine blades, micro-channel heat pipes, micro-coolers and micro-channel pulsating heat plates. These are frequently used in various industries such as aerospace, automotive, biomedical and micro-electronics.
Laser micromachining requires a large amount of energy. Depending on the material and the desired machining process, different types of lasers with various power sources are used. CO2 and Nd:YAG lasers are the most common ones used in ...
Author: J. R. Lawrence
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 9780081012536
Category: Technology & Engineering
Page: 802
View: 912
Advances in Laser Materials Processing: Technology, Research and Application, Second Edition, provides a revised, updated and expanded overview of the area, covering fundamental theory, technology and methods, traditional and emerging applications and potential future directions. The book begins with an overview of the technology and challenges to applying the technology in manufacturing. Parts Two thru Seven focus on essential techniques and process, including cutting, welding, annealing, hardening and peening, surface treatments, coating and materials deposition. The final part of the book considers the mathematical modeling and control of laser processes. Throughout, chapters review the scientific theory underpinning applications, offer full appraisals of the processes described and review potential future trends. A comprehensive practitioner guide and reference work explaining state-of-the-art laser processing technologies in manufacturing and other disciplines Explores challenges, potential, and future directions through the continuous development of new, application-specific lasers in materials processing Provides revised, expanded and updated coverage
In many laser - material interaction applications such as micro - machining and solid sampling for chemical analysis , cavity structures with specific aspect ratios ( depth - to - diameter ratio ) develop after repetitive pulses ...
The formation of surface oxides and recast layer was reported to be prevented in case of workpiece vibration assisted laser micromachining. Therefore, surface with improved quality was obtained by employing workpiece vibration assisted ...
Author: Sumit Bhowmik
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783030130398
Category: Technology & Engineering
Page: 70
View: 782
This book presents some of the recent hybrid micro-machining processes used to manufacture miniaturized products with micro level precision. The current developed technologies to manufacture the micro dimensioned products while meeting the desired precision level are described within the text. The authors especially highlight research that focuses on the development of new micro machining platforms while integrating the different technologies to manufacture the micro components in a high throughput and cost effective manner.
Figure 25 shows the image of embossing die and micro-hole that were machined successfully in aluminum AS9G alloy using pulsed laser micromachining .[98] One of the challenges of laser micromachining of aluminum is the high reflectivity ...
Author: George E. Totten
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781351045629
Category: Science
Page: 1232
View: 824
This encyclopedia, written by authoritative experts under the guidance of an international panel of key researchers from academia, national laboratories, and industry, is a comprehensive reference covering all major aspects of metallurgical science and engineering of aluminum and its alloys. Topics covered include extractive metallurgy, powder metallurgy (including processing), physical metallurgy, production engineering, corrosion engineering, thermal processing (processes such as metalworking and welding, heat treatment, rolling, casting, hot and cold forming), surface engineering and structure such as crystallography and metallography.
3.2 Laser micromachining In laser machining, the fundamental interaction that leads to the removal of material can be athermal (ablation) or thermal (melting and vaporization) and depends primarily on the nature of the laser-material ...
Author: Tommaso Baldacchini
Publisher: William Andrew
ISBN: 9780128178287
Category: Technology & Engineering
Page: 766
View: 258
Three-Dimensional Microfabrication Using Two-Photon Polymerization, Second Edition offers a comprehensive guide to TPP microfabrication and a unified description of TPP microfabrication across disciplines. It offers in-depth discussion and analysis of all aspects of TPP, including the necessary background, pros and cons of TPP microfabrication, material selection, equipment, processes and characterization. Current and future applications are covered, along with case studies that illustrate the book's concepts. This new edition includes updated chapters on metrology, synthesis and the characterization of photoinitiators used in TPP, negative- and positive-tone photoresists, and nonlinear optical characterization of polymers. This is an important resource that will be useful for scientists involved in microfabrication, generation of micro- and nano-patterns and micromachining. Discusses the major types of nanomaterials used in the agriculture and forestry sectors, exploring how their properties make them effective for specific applications Explores the design, fabrication, characterization and applications of nanomaterials for new Agri-products Offers an overview of regulatory aspects regarding the use of nanomaterials for agriculture and forestry
Micro Machining of Hard Materials Using Nd:YAG Laser Dipl.-Ing. E. Meiners, Dr. rer. nat. F. Dausinger, Dipl.-Ing. M. Wiedmaier Institut für Strahlwerkzeuge, Pfaffenwaldring 43, 7000 Stuttgart 80 Introduction Up to now, hard materials ...
Author: Wilhelm Waidelich
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
ISBN: 9783642847363
Category: Technology & Engineering
Page: 769
View: 871
In den Bereichen Laser/Optoelektronik/Mikrowellen werden Forschungsergebnisse in rasantem Tempo in technische Entwicklungen und Anwendungen umgesetzt. Der seit 1973 alle 2Jahre in M}nchen veranstaltete internationale Kongre~ gibt, in Verbindung mit der bedeutendsten internationalen Fachmesse der Optoelektronik, einen]berblick }ber den aktuellen Stand der Forschung, Technik und Medizin. In Fortsetzung dieser Tradition vermittelt der 10. Internationale Kongre~ LASER 91 neue Erkenntnisse aus Grundlagenforschung, Entwicklung und praxisbezogener Anwendung. Zur Abdeckung des breiten Interessenspektrums von Forschern, Ingenieuren, [rzten und Anwendern wurde der Kongre~ in unterschiedliche Darbietungsebenen strukturiert. Die Vortr{ge, die sich mit technischen Anwendungen befassen, wurden in folgende Themengruppen gegliedert: Optische Me~- und Pr}ftechnik/Optical Measuring and Testing, Laser in der Fertigung/Laser in Manufacturing, Optoelektro- nische Komponenten und Systeme/Opto-Electronic Components and Systems, Optoelektronische Sensoren/Opto-Electronic Sensors.
Jürgen Ihlemann Abstract Laser micromachining and patterning by laser ablation is used for the fabrication of micro-fluidic and micro-optic components. Irradiation configurations comprise direct spot writing, mask projection, ...
Author: Koji Sugioka
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783642105234
Category: Science
Page: 344
View: 997
Miniaturization and high precision are rapidly becoming a requirement for many industrial processes and products. As a result, there is greater interest in the use of laser microfabrication technology to achieve these goals. This book composed of 16 chapters covers all the topics of laser precision processing from fundamental aspects to industrial applications to both inorganic and biological materials. It reviews the sate of the art of research and technological development in the area of laser processing.
D1.6 Laser micromachining Malcolm Gower D1.6.0 Introduction Although material ablation by pulsed light sources has been studied since the invention of the laser [ 1 , 2 ] , reports in 1982 of polymers etched by UV excimer lasers [ 3,4 ] ...
Author: Colin Webb
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781482240801
Category: Mathematics
Page: 1183
View: 725
The invention of the laser was one of the towering achievements of the twentieth century. At the opening of the twenty-first century we are witnessing the burgeoning of the myriad technical innovations to which that invention has led. The Handbook of Laser Technology and Applications is a practical and long-lasting reference source for scientists and engineers who work with lasers. The Handbook provides, a comprehensive guide to the current status of lasers and laser systems; it is accessible to science or engineering graduates needing no more than standard undergraduate knowledge of optics. Whilst being a self-contained reference work, the Handbook provides extensive references to contemporary work, and is a basis for studying the professional journal literature on the subject. It covers applications through detailed case studies, and is therefore well suited to readers who wish to use it to solve specific problems of their own. The first of the three volumes comprises an introduction to the basic scientific principles of lasers, laser beams and non-linear optics. The second volume describes the mechanisms and operating characteristics of specific types of laser including crystalline solid - state lasers, semiconductor diode lasers, fibre lasers, gas lasers, chemical lasers, dye lasers and many others as well as detailing the optical and electronic components which tailor the laser's performance and beam delivery systems. The third volume is devoted to case studies of applications in a wide range of subjects including materials processing, optical measurement techniques, medicine, telecommunications, data storage, spectroscopy, earth sciences and astronomy, and plasma fusion research. This vast compendium of knowledge on laser science and technology is the work of over 130 international experts, many of whom are recognised as the world leaders in their respective fields. Whether the reader is engaged in the science, technology, industrial or medical applications of lasers or is researching the subject as a manager or investor in technical enterprises they cannot fail to be informed and enlightened by the wide range of information the Handbook supplies.
D1.6 Laser micromachining Malcolm Gower D1.6.0 Introduction Although material ablation by pulsed light sources has been studied since the invention of the laser [ 1 , 2 ] , reports in 1982 of polymers etched by UV excimer lasers [ 3 ...